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Sport in BrazilPeteca Shuttlecock

Peteca (Portuguese pronunciation: [peˈtɛkɐ]) is a traditional sport in Brazil, played with a "hand shuttlecock" from indigenous 🌻 origins and reputed to be as old as the country itself.

The same name is given to the shuttlecock-object itself.

Objectives [ 🌻 edit ]

The objective of the game is to hit the shuttlecock-like object (the peteca) with your hand over a high 🌻 net, similar to a volleyball net, causing the object to land inbounded on the opposite court.

The peteca can only be 🌻 hit once while on each side of the net.

Doubles and singles, male and/or female matches are played, both for competitive 🌻 or leisure purposes.

History [ edit ]

The word peteca is derived from a Tupian word meaning hit.

Over time, the word found 🌻 its way into the Portuguese language.

Originally, peteca was played at times of celebration with dances and songs.

Gradually, this play became 🌻 more of a sporting activity.

The game has been passed down through several generations by the Brazilian ancestors and has developed 🌻 considerably along the way.

Early petecas were very primitive home-made affairs consisting of stones wrapped in leaves tied inside an ear 🌻 of corn.

A more sophisticated version was described in a Brazilian-English dictionary as "a leather pad with feathers stuck into it."

Pictures 🌻 of the first petecas are few and far between, but on 30 May 1979, Brazil issued a set of four 🌻 postage stamps depicting children's toys, to commemorate the International Year of the Child.

When Brazil was present at the 1920 Summer 🌻 Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium the Brazilian athletes took with them some shuttlecocks for amusement on the ship and during the 🌻 intervals between games.

The game of peteca fascinated athletes from many other countries who wanted learn the rules of the game.

The 🌻 problem was that there were no rules - it was just for pleasure.

Peteca left the streets, the grass and the 🌻 sand to become a field sport in Belo Horizonte in the 1940s.

It was in Belo Horizonte, the capital city of 🌻 Minas Gerais state, that the toy shape was transformed to its current format, proper for competitive games.

The typical peteca has 🌻 four white chicken feathers attached to a base and connected to a bottom made with several thin layers of rubber.

It 🌻 was also in Belo Horizonte that the rules of the game were first written, as well as the first courts 🌻 were built and the practice gained competitive sense with internal championships that were held in various social clubs of the 🌻 city.

In 1973 the Peteca Federation of Minas Gerais (FEMP) was founded, confirming the pioneering spirit of a sport born and 🌻 developed among the Brazilian people.

From Belo Horizonte, the practice has spread to other Brazilian states, and from there to other 🌻 countries, like France, that adopted the game as it is played in Brazil.

Peteca is now one of Brazil's fastest growing 🌻 sports closely behind football and volleyball.

[citation needed] Another version of the game, called Indiaca, and closely based on peteca has 🌻 developed in Germany, first appearing in 1936.

Rules of the game [ edit ]

A peteca match is played to the best 🌻 of the three games, singles or doubles.

The first player (or the first pair) who scores twelve points wins the set.

One 🌻 game can last only a maximum of twenty minutes.

If neither of the two sides have reached the required score, then 🌻 the win is given to the team with the most points.

The peteca must be struck with one hand only and 🌻 must pass above the net to the oppositions side in order for them to return it.

The server remains the same 🌻 one until the service changes side.

A point can only be won by the serving team.

The player with the service has 🌻 thirty seconds to score the point.

If this is not achieved then the service is given to the opposing player/team.

Faults [ 🌻 edit ]

There are a number of recognised faults which can occur.

Service fault: service passes to the opposing team if the 🌻 peteca passes below the net, outside the limits of the court, if the peteca touches the net or if the 🌻 peteca touches a player of the same team (double) before passing over to the opposing side.

The 'in play' faults: if 🌻 a player puts his hands or feet on the opposing teams side (similar to what occurs in a volleyball game); 🌻 if a player touches the peteca with two hands; if there are marked accompaniment and not striking; if any other 🌻 part of his/her body touches it and if the peteca is not hit (head, feet).

The 30-second rule: the server or 🌻 the team which is serving has 30 seconds to score the point.

If the point is not scored in this period, 🌻 then the service goes to the opposition.

At the end of 20 seconds, the referee announces "10" as a warning of 🌻 the time remaining.

With the sounding of the referee's whistle, the rally is finished.

This is a more strict rule, when there's 🌻 a referee to open count.

Equipment and court [ edit ]

Shuttlecocks : There are two types of shuttlecocks used in two 🌻 different kinds of games of peteca.

In a regular peteca tournament, the shuttlecock has a flat base and a standard weight 🌻 of 42 grams.

The feathers are crimped and straight.

In a mini-peteca game, the shuttlecock has a rounded rubber base attached to 🌻 five or more rubber discs.

The base is softer on the hand.

Although designs vary, the most common petecas (especially the competition 🌻 type) consist of a base in the shape of a filled leather bag or a layered rubber pad, and a 🌻 flight, which is usually made out of feathers stuck to the base.

: There are two types of shuttlecocks used in 🌻 two different kinds of games of peteca.

In a regular peteca tournament, the shuttlecock has a flat base and a standard 🌻 weight of 42 grams.

The feathers are crimped and straight.

In a mini-peteca game, the shuttlecock has a rounded rubber base attached 🌻 to five or more rubber discs.

The base is softer on the hand.

Although designs vary, the most common petecas (especially the 🌻 competition type) consist of a base in the shape of a filled leather bag or a layered rubber pad, and 🌻 a flight, which is usually made out of feathers stuck to the base.

Court : singles' games are played on courts 🌻 15 m x 5.5m.

Doubles' games are played at 15 m x 7.5m.

By comparison, a standard volleyball court is 18 m 🌻 x 9m.

Peteca is played on wood, cement or clay courts.

Mini-peteca is played on a standard sized badminton court.

: singles' games 🌻 are played on courts 15 m x 5.5m.

Doubles' games are played at 15 m x 7.5m.

By comparison, a standard volleyball 🌻 court is 18 m x 9m.

Peteca is played on wood, cement or clay courts.

Mini-peteca is played on a standard sized 🌻 badminton court.

Net : men's games are played using a rectangular net topping 2.

43 m high, similar to a volleyball net.

Women's 🌻 games lower it to 2.24 m.

Children (8-12yrs) play over a 2 m high net.

: men's games are played using a 🌻 rectangular net topping 2.

43 m high, similar to a volleyball net.

Women's games lower it to 2.24 m.

Children (8-12yrs) play over 🌻 a 2 m high net.

Footwear : Sneakers with a firm grip to the floor are desirable.

: Sneakers with a firm 🌻 grip to the floor are desirable.

Lightweight gloves: beginners often find that the rubber base of the peteca is hard on 🌻 the hands, usually leaving red spots and a stinging sensation on them.

It is suggested that they wear a lightweight fingerless 🌻 glove, similar to those used in rugby.

Competition [ edit ]

Competitive court games have been played in Brazil since the early 🌻 1930s.

It was only in 1973 that the first rules were written.

It was founded in 1985 and is now a worldwide 🌻 played sport the aim of theme is to hit the shuttlecock like object

Currently,[when?] in Brazil, there's a Confederação Brasileira de 🌻 Peteca,[1] still incipient, being formed around the preexistent Federação Mineira de Peteca,[2] from the state of Minas Gerais.

A version of 🌻 peteca, indiaca, was developed by Karlhans Krohn [de] in Germany in 1936 and is very popular.

However, France was one of 🌻 the first European countries to embrace peteca proper.

The Federation Française de Peteca (FFP)[3] is the national organ for France and 🌻 was created in February 1997 by Jean-François Impinna, a French former international rugby player, and counts thousands of French peteca 🌻 players.

The United Kingdom has recently followed suit and taken up the game with the United Kingdom Peteca Association - UKPA[4] 🌻 leading its development.

May 2006 would see the first International Peteca Tournament being hosted by the FFP in Sannois, Paris.

Teams from 🌻 Brazil, France and the United Kingdom were to compete.[citation needed]

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